Bid Security and EMD

Excessively high EMD requirements may have which adverse effect?

Type: MCQ • Marks: 1
Excessively high EMD requirements may have which adverse effect?
Options
A. Discouraging genuine and smaller eligible bidders from participating
B. Always increasing competition
C. Guaranteeing better quality
D. Eliminating all procurement risks
Explanation
Security requirements should be proportionate and consistent with applicable policy because excessive financial barriers can reduce competition.
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UPSC Principal & Vice Principal Management Finance Administration

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