Multiple Choice Questions

1. Which is not a natural ecosystem ?

        A. Desert    B. Aquarium    C. Forest   D. none of these

2. Which is not a component of natural environment?

       A. Land   B. Religion   C. Community   D None of these

       (b) Religion (Land and Community are physical/social components, but Religion is a         cultural construct).​​​​​​​

3. Which is a human-made environment?

        A. Mountain   B. Sea   C. Road   D. Non of these

• (c) Road (Mountains and Seas are natural).

Fill in the blanks

1. Environment is a combination of natural and human made phenomena.
2. There is no life on earth in the absence of the natural environment.
3. The envelope of the air that surrounds earth is called atmosphere.
4. Water supports all forms of life on earth.
5. The biosphere is a life-supporting layer of the earth.

Write 'T' for true and 'F' for false

1. The conditions for cultivating crops vary from place to place. (T)
2. The atmosphere is held to the surface of the earth by earth's gravity. (T)
3. Biosphere is a very important part of the environment. (T)
4. 50% of the earth's surface is covered with water. (F) (Note: It is approximately 71%)

Short Answer Questions

1. What is environment?
   Ans The environment is everything that surrounds us, including living things (biotic) and non-living things (abiotic) like air, water, and land.
2. Write the components of environment.
   Ans The three main components are Natural (air, water, land, living things), Human-made (buildings, roads, bridges), and Human (individuals, families, communities).
3. What is natural environment?
   Ans The natural environment refers to all living and non-living things occurring naturally on Earth, such as land, water, air, plants, and animals.
4. Write major domains of environment.
   Ans The four major domains are the Lithosphere (land), Hydrosphere (water), Atmosphere (air), and Biosphere (life).

E Answer the following questions in detail :

1. What is atmosphere? Why is it important for us? or What is the atmosphere, and why is it important?

Ans The atmosphere is the layer of gases held tightly to the Earth by gravity. It acts like a giant shield and a warm blanket for our planet.

The atmosphere is important because it does the following:

• Provides Air: It holds the oxygen humans need to breathe and the carbon dioxide plants need to make food.
• Blocks Harmful Rays: The ozone layer in the atmosphere filters out dangerous ultraviolet (UV) radiation from the Sun.
• Regulates Temperature: It acts like a greenhouse, trapping the Sun's heat so the Earth does not freeze at night.
• Drives the Water Cycle: It holds water vapor, which creates clouds and brings us rain

2. Discuss the interdependence of components of environment. or The interdependence of environmental components

Ans The environment is made up of biotic (living) and abiotic (non-living) parts. These parts are interdependent, meaning they connect and depend on one another to keep the planet in balance.

• Plants and Animals: Plants provide oxygen and food for animals. In return, animals breathe out carbon dioxide, which plants need. Animals also help plants by spreading seeds.
• Living and Non-Living: Plants (living) need soil and water (non-living) to grow. When plants and animals die, they decay and return nutrients to the soil.
• The Energy Connection: The Sun (non-living) gives energy to plants. Animals eat plants to get this energy.

If one part of this system breaks, it can harm the whole food web. For example, if trees are cut down, animals lose their homes, and the soil can wash away.

3. In which ways do the human influences the environment? or How humans influence the environment.

Ans Humans interact with the environment every day to meet their needs. Because human populations are large, these actions often cause big changes to nature. 

Humans change the environment in two main ways:

• Negative Influences:
  • Deforestation: Cutting down trees to build cities or farms destroys animal homes.
  • Pollution: Releasing smoke from cars and factories dirties the air. Dumping waste into rivers poisons the water.
  • Burning Fossil Fuels: Using coal, oil, and gas for energy releases too many greenhouse gases. This traps extra heat and causes global warming.
• Positive Influences:
  • Conservation: Humans can protect endangered animals and plant new trees to regrow forests.
  • Eco-Friendly Habits: Building wastewater treatment plants and using clean energy, like solar or wind power, helps keep the air and water clean.